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20 authors
  1. Feb 07, 2018
  3. Nov 02, 2017
    • Greg Kroah-Hartman's avatar
      License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license · b2441318
      Greg Kroah-Hartman authored 
      
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier.  The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
 - file had no licensing information it it.
 - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
 - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne.  Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed.  Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
 - Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
 - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
   lines of source
 - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
   lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

 - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
   considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
   COPYING file license applied.

   For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0                                              11139

   and resulted in the first patch in this series.

   If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
   Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0".  Results of that was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        930

   and resulted in the second patch in this series.

 - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
   of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
   any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
   it (per prior point).  Results summary:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                       270
   GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      169
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause)    21
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    17
   LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      15
   GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       14
   ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    5
   LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       4
   LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT)              3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT)             1

   and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

 - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
   the concluded license(s).

 - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
   license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
   licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

 - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
   resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
   which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

 - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
   confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

 - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
   the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
   in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights.  The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
 - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
   license ids and scores
 - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
   files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
 - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
   was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
   SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction.  This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg.  Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected.  This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.)  Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: default avatarKate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: default avatarPhilippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: default avatarThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: default avatarGreg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
      b2441318
  5. Feb 23, 2017
  7. Oct 11, 2016
  9. Oct 08, 2016
  11. Mar 17, 2016
  13. Dec 06, 2015
  15. Sep 08, 2015
  17. Jul 01, 2015
  19. Nov 14, 2014
    • Tang Chen's avatar
      mem-hotplug: reset node managed pages when hot-adding a new pgdat · f784a3f1
      Tang Chen authored 
      
In free_area_init_core(), zone->managed_pages is set to an approximate
value for lowmem, and will be adjusted when the bootmem allocator frees
pages into the buddy system.

But free_area_init_core() is also called by hotadd_new_pgdat() when
hot-adding memory.  As a result, zone->managed_pages of the newly added
node's pgdat is set to an approximate value in the very beginning.

Even if the memory on that node has node been onlined,
/sys/device/system/node/nodeXXX/meminfo has wrong value:

  hot-add node2 (memory not onlined)
  cat /sys/device/system/node/node2/meminfo
  Node 2 MemTotal:       33554432 kB
  Node 2 MemFree:               0 kB
  Node 2 MemUsed:        33554432 kB
  Node 2 Active:                0 kB

This patch fixes this problem by reset node managed pages to 0 after
hot-adding a new node.

1. Move reset_managed_pages_done from reset_node_managed_pages() to
   reset_all_zones_managed_pages()
2. Make reset_node_managed_pages() non-static
3. Call reset_node_managed_pages() in hotadd_new_pgdat() after pgdat
   is initialized

Signed-off-by: default avatarTang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarYasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>	[3.16+]
Signed-off-by: default avatarAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      f784a3f1
  21. Oct 10, 2014
  23. Nov 13, 2013
  25. Jul 03, 2013
    • Jiang Liu's avatar
      mm: kill free_all_bootmem_node() · e1280be0
      Jiang Liu authored 
      
Now nobody makes use of free_all_bootmem_node(), kill it.

Signed-off-by: default avatarJiang Liu <jiang.liu@huawei.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Acked-by: default avatarTejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      e1280be0
    • Jiang Liu's avatar
      mm: concentrate modification of totalram_pages into the mm core · 0c988534
      Jiang Liu authored 
      
Concentrate code to modify totalram_pages into the mm core, so the arch
memory initialized code doesn't need to take care of it.  With these
changes applied, only following functions from mm core modify global
variable totalram_pages: free_bootmem_late(), free_all_bootmem(),
free_all_bootmem_node(), adjust_managed_page_count().

With this patch applied, it will be much more easier for us to keep
totalram_pages and zone->managed_pages in consistence.

Signed-off-by: default avatarJiang Liu <jiang.liu@huawei.com>
Acked-by: default avatarDavid Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: <sworddragon2@aol.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Cc: Jianguo Wu <wujianguo@huawei.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Kamezawa Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      0c988534
    • Jiang Liu's avatar
      mm: accurately calculate zone->managed_pages for highmem zones · 7b4b2a0d
      Jiang Liu authored 
      
Commit "mm: introduce new field 'managed_pages' to struct zone" assumes
that all highmem pages will be freed into the buddy system by function
mem_init().  But that's not always true, some architectures may reserve
some highmem pages during boot.  For example PPC may allocate highmem
pages for giagant HugeTLB pages, and several architectures have code to
check PageReserved flag to exclude highmem pages allocated during boot
when freeing highmem pages into the buddy system.

So treat highmem pages in the same way as normal pages, that is to:
1) reset zone->managed_pages to zero in mem_init().
2) recalculate managed_pages when freeing pages into the buddy system.

Signed-off-by: default avatarJiang Liu <jiang.liu@huawei.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Kamezawa Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: <sworddragon2@aol.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Cc: Jianguo Wu <wujianguo@huawei.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Tang Chen <tangchen@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Wen Congyang <wency@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      7b4b2a0d
  27. Jan 30, 2013
  29. Jan 11, 2013
    • Max Filippov's avatar
      mm: bootmem: fix free_all_bootmem_core() with odd bitmap alignment · 10d73e65
      Max Filippov authored 
      
Currently free_all_bootmem_core ignores that node_min_pfn may be not
multiple of BITS_PER_LONG.  Eg commit 6dccdcbe ("mm: bootmem: fix
checking the bitmap when finally freeing bootmem") shifts vec by lower
bits of start instead of lower bits of idx.  Also

  if (IS_ALIGNED(start, BITS_PER_LONG) && vec == ~0UL)

assumes that vec bit 0 corresponds to start pfn, which is only true when
node_min_pfn is a multiple of BITS_PER_LONG.  Also loop in the else
clause can double-free pages (e.g.  with node_min_pfn == start == 1,
map[0] == ~0 on 32-bit machine page 32 will be double-freed).

This bug causes the following message during xtensa kernel boot:

  bootmem::free_all_bootmem_core nid=0 start=1 end=8000
  BUG: Bad page state in process swapper  pfn:00001
  page:d04bd020 count:0 mapcount:-127 mapping:  (null) index:0x2
  page flags: 0x0()
  Call Trace:
    bad_page+0x8c/0x9c
    free_pages_prepare+0x5e/0x88
    free_hot_cold_page+0xc/0xa0
    __free_pages+0x24/0x38
    __free_pages_bootmem+0x54/0x56
    free_all_bootmem_core$part$11+0xeb/0x138
    free_all_bootmem+0x46/0x58
    mem_init+0x25/0xa4
    start_kernel+0x11e/0x25c
    should_never_return+0x0/0x3be7

The fix is the following:
 - always align vec so that its bit 0 corresponds to start
 - provide BITS_PER_LONG bits in vec, if those bits are available in the
   map
 - don't free pages past next start position in the else clause.

Signed-off-by: default avatarMax Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Gavin Shan <shangw@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Prasad Koya <prasad.koya@gmail.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      10d73e65
  31. Dec 13, 2012
  33. Dec 12, 2012
    • Joonsoo Kim's avatar
      bootmem: fix wrong call parameter for free_bootmem() · 81df9bff
      Joonsoo Kim authored 
      
It is strange that alloc_bootmem() returns a virtual address and
free_bootmem() requires a physical address.  Anyway, free_bootmem()'s
first parameter should be physical address.

There are some call sites for free_bootmem() with virtual address.  So fix
them.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: improve free_bootmem() and free_bootmem_pate() documentation]
Signed-off-by: default avatarJoonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Haavard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@gmail.com>
Cc: Hans-Christian Egtvedt <egtvedt@samfundet.no>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      81df9bff
  35. Nov 16, 2012
    • Andrew Morton's avatar
      revert "mm: fix-up zone present pages" · 5576646f
      Andrew Morton authored 
      
Revert commit 7f1290f2 ("mm: fix-up zone present pages")

That patch tried to fix a issue when calculating zone->present_pages,
but it caused a regression on 32bit systems with HIGHMEM.  With that
change, reset_zone_present_pages() resets all zone->present_pages to
zero, and fixup_zone_present_pages() is called to recalculate
zone->present_pages when the boot allocator frees core memory pages into
buddy allocator.  Because highmem pages are not freed by bootmem
allocator, all highmem zones' present_pages becomes zero.

Various options for improving the situation are being discussed but for
now, let's return to the 3.6 code.

Cc: Jianguo Wu <wujianguo@huawei.com>
Cc: Jiang Liu <jiang.liu@huawei.com>
Cc: Petr Tesarik <ptesarik@suse.cz>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: default avatarDavid Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Tested-by: default avatarChris Clayton <chris2553@googlemail.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      5576646f
  37. Oct 09, 2012
    • Jianguo Wu's avatar
      mm: fix-up zone present pages · 7f1290f2
      Jianguo Wu authored 
      I think zone->present_pages indicates pages that buddy system can management,
it should be:

	zone->present_pages = spanned pages - absent pages - bootmem pages,

but is now:
	zone->present_pages = spanned pages - absent pages - memmap pages.

spanned pages: total size, including holes.
absent pages: holes.
bootmem pages: pages used in system boot, managed by bootmem allocator.
memmap pages: pages used by page structs.

This may cause zone->present_pages less than it should be.  For example,
numa node 1 has ZONE_NORMAL and ZONE_MOVABLE, it's memmap and other
bootmem will be allocated from ZONE_MOVABLE, so ZONE_NORMAL's
present_pages should be spanned pages - absent pages, but now it also
minus memmap pages(free_area_init_core), which are actually allocated from
ZONE_MOVABLE.  When offlining all memory of a zone, this will cause
zone->present_pages less than 0, because present_pages is unsigned long
type, it is actually a very large integer, it indirectly caused
zone->watermark[WMARK_MIN] becomes a large
integer(setup_per_zone_wmarks()), than cause totalreserve_pages become a
large integer(calculate_totalreserve_pages()), and finally cause memory
allocating failure when fork process(__vm_enough_memory()).

[root@localhost ~]# dmesg
-bash: fork: Cannot allocate memory

I think the bug described in

  http://marc.info/?l=linux-mm&m=134502182714186&w=2



is also caused by wrong zone present pages.

This patch intends to fix-up zone->present_pages when memory are freed to
buddy system on x86_64 and IA64 platforms.

Signed-off-by: default avatarJianguo Wu <wujianguo@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarJiang Liu <jiang.liu@huawei.com>
Reported-by: default avatarPetr Tesarik <ptesarik@suse.cz>
Tested-by: default avatarPetr Tesarik <ptesarik@suse.cz>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      7f1290f2
  39. Aug 27, 2012
  41. Jul 17, 2012
    • Yinghai Lu's avatar
      bootmem: make ___alloc_bootmem_node_nopanic() really nopanic · c8f4a2d0
      Yinghai Lu authored 
      
In reaction to commit 99ab7b19 ("mm: sparse: fix usemap allocation
above node descriptor section") Johannes said:
| while backporting the below patch, I realised that your fix busted
| f5bf18fa again.  The problem was not a panicking version on
| allocation failure but when the usemap size was too large such that
| goal + size > limit triggers the BUG_ON in the bootmem allocator.  So
| we need a version that passes limit ONLY if the usemap is smaller than
| the section.

after checking the code, the name of ___alloc_bootmem_node_nopanic()
does not reflect the fact.

Make bootmem really not panic.

Hope will kill bootmem sooner.

Signed-off-by: default avatarYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>    [3.3.x, 3.4.x]
Signed-off-by: default avatarAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      c8f4a2d0
  43. Jul 11, 2012
    • Yinghai Lu's avatar
      mm: sparse: fix usemap allocation above node descriptor section · 99ab7b19
      Yinghai Lu authored 
      
After commit f5bf18fa ("bootmem/sparsemem: remove limit constraint
in alloc_bootmem_section"), usemap allocations may easily be placed
outside the optimal section that holds the node descriptor, even if
there is space available in that section.  This results in unnecessary
hotplug dependencies that need to have the node unplugged before the
section holding the usemap.

The reason is that the bootmem allocator doesn't guarantee a linear
search starting from the passed allocation goal but may start out at a
much higher address absent an upper limit.

Fix this by trying the allocation with the limit at the section end,
then retry without if that fails.  This keeps the fix from f5bf18fa
of not panicking if the allocation does not fit in the section, but
still makes sure to try to stay within the section at first.

Signed-off-by: default avatarYinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>	[3.3.x, 3.4.x]
Signed-off-by: default avatarAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      99ab7b19
  45. May 29, 2012
  47. Mar 22, 2012
    • Nishanth Aravamudan's avatar
      bootmem/sparsemem: remove limit constraint in alloc_bootmem_section · f5bf18fa
      Nishanth Aravamudan authored 
      
While testing AMS (Active Memory Sharing) / CMO (Cooperative Memory
Overcommit) on powerpc, we tripped the following:

  kernel BUG at mm/bootmem.c:483!
  cpu 0x0: Vector: 700 (Program Check) at [c000000000c03940]
      pc: c000000000a62bd8: .alloc_bootmem_core+0x90/0x39c
      lr: c000000000a64bcc: .sparse_early_usemaps_alloc_node+0x84/0x29c
      sp: c000000000c03bc0
     msr: 8000000000021032
    current = 0xc000000000b0cce0
    paca    = 0xc000000001d80000
      pid   = 0, comm = swapper
  kernel BUG at mm/bootmem.c:483!
  enter ? for help
  [c000000000c03c80] c000000000a64bcc
  .sparse_early_usemaps_alloc_node+0x84/0x29c
  [c000000000c03d50] c000000000a64f10 .sparse_init+0x12c/0x28c
  [c000000000c03e20] c000000000a474f4 .setup_arch+0x20c/0x294
  [c000000000c03ee0] c000000000a4079c .start_kernel+0xb4/0x460
  [c000000000c03f90] c000000000009670 .start_here_common+0x1c/0x2c

This is

        BUG_ON(limit && goal + size > limit);

and after some debugging, it seems that

	goal = 0x7ffff000000
	limit = 0x80000000000

and sparse_early_usemaps_alloc_node ->
sparse_early_usemaps_alloc_pgdat_section calls

	return alloc_bootmem_section(usemap_size() * count, section_nr);

This is on a system with 8TB available via the AMS pool, and as a quirk
of AMS in firmware, all of that memory shows up in node 0.  So, we end
up with an allocation that will fail the goal/limit constraints.

In theory, we could "fall-back" to alloc_bootmem_node() in
sparse_early_usemaps_alloc_node(), but since we actually have HOTREMOVE
defined, we'll BUG_ON() instead.  A simple solution appears to be to
unconditionally remove the limit condition in alloc_bootmem_section,
meaning allocations are allowed to cross section boundaries (necessary
for systems of this size).

Johannes Weiner pointed out that if alloc_bootmem_section() no longer
guarantees section-locality, we need check_usemap_section_nr() to print
possible cross-dependencies between node descriptors and the usemaps
allocated through it.  That makes the two loops in
sparse_early_usemaps_alloc_node() identical, so re-factor the code a
bit.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: code simplification]
Signed-off-by: default avatarNishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <haveblue@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Anton Blanchard <anton@au1.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Ben Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Robert Jennings <rcj@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: default avatarJohannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: default avatarMel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>	[3.3.1]
Signed-off-by: default avatarAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
      f5bf18fa
  49. Jan 11, 2012